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• “Mother” Cannabinoid cannabis plants produce cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), the precursor to the three main cannabinoid lines: tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabichromenic acid (CBCA)
• Low levels (usually less than 1%) in most cannabis strains considered a minor cannabinoid. Plant genetics are changing resulting in express CBG at higher levels.
• Where to get CBG at PHARM?
• CBG tinctures (THC Free and Full Spectrum). Both are formulated a 1:1 ratio of Total CBD: Total CBG and infused with TerpEnhance formula for complete activation of the entourage effect!
• Additionally, CBG and CBGa are present in PHARM CBD Full Spectrum CBD Products

It is legal to grow and process industrial hemp as an agricultural commodity in the state of Kentucky.  Under the 2014 Farm Bill, the federal government legalized hemp under research and state-run pilot programs, such as the one that exists in Kentucky. Laws limit the allowable level of THC in industrial hemp to 0.3% on a dry weight basis. CBD is found in marijuana and industrial hemp. CBD derived from marijuana is federally illegal. It is only legal under state law in states that have enacted medical and/or adult-use cannabis reform laws.

CBD derived from lawful hemp is itself legal. There are two circumstances in which a particular hemp crop is lawful: (1) when the hemp is cultivated in accordance with the 2014 US Farm Act (Domestic Hemp), and (2) when the hemp is non-psychoactive and imported into the US (Imported Hemp).

Industrial hemp and marijuana are both from the cannabis plant. The difference between them lies in the amount of THC in the plant. Hemp plants have low THC content (less than 0.3% dry weight) and high CBD content.  Marijuana plants have higher levels of THC. Industrial hemp is federally legal with the passing of the 2018 Farm Bill, but each state must have a program in place through their department of agriculture in order to regulate production (growing) and processing.

Cannabinoids are a group of compounds that are most commonly produced by the cannabis Sativa plant.  These compounds typically interact with cannabinoid receptors in the brain.  Cannabinoids can actually originate from within the body (endocannabinoids), from plants (phytocannabinoids, like THC and CBD), and from manufacturing processes (synthetic cannabinoids).

Terpenes, or terpenoids, are volatile aromatic molecules.  Over 200 different terpenes have been identified in the cannabis Sativa plant.  Various researchers have emphasized the pharmacological importance of terpenes, as they interact with CBD to improve its effectiveness within the body.  Our CBD oil contains selected terpenes to enhance the effects of CBD.  Terpenes have earthy smells and tastes that can be quite strong.  To this end, we have added all-natural flavoring to our products to improve your experience.

Hemp seed oil is an oil that is extracted from the seed of a hemp plant, typically through some form of pressing (i.e., cold press, etc.).  It is typically used as a cooking oil or carrier oil. It does not contain CBD, THC, or any other cannabinoids.

Hemp oil can refer to oil that has been pressed from hemp seeds (hemp seed oil) or oil extracted from the hemp plant itself, also known as full-spectrum hemp oil. The full-spectrum plant extract can contain many different cannabinoids and terpenes, however, the composition of the oil is highly dependent on the plant. That means that full-spectrum oils can have very high or low amounts of many different cannabinoids.  All of Pharm’s full-spectrum or broad-spectrum cannabinoid products will be very clear about the cannabinoids contained in them.

On the other hand, Pharm CBD oil is created by mixing pure CBD isolate with oils, flavors, and terpenes. Because we use ultra-high purity CBD isolate, we know exactly how much CBD is in each of our bottles. We also know that our formulations contain only what we put in them. All of our batches are tested by independent ISO 17025-certified laboratories in order to confirm that our batches have the precise volume of CBD, and contains only trace amounts of THC, and has no contaminants.

Certificates of Analysis for all of our products are available here.

Scientific studies have established that synthetic, single-molecule CBD isolate, when administered without the presence of other cannabinoids and/or terpenes, has a very narrow therapeutic window and requires precise, high doses for efficacy. Whereas lower dose, whole-plant, CBD-rich treatment regimens which contain secondary cannabinoids and various terpenes are already showing efficacy for many conditions among patients in medical marijuana states. These compounds interact with CBD and THC to enhance their therapeutic benefits. Scientists call this the “entourage effect.”

Industrial hemp and marijuana are both from the cannabis plant. The difference between them lies in the amount of THC in the plant. Hemp plants have low THC content (less than 0.3% dry weight) and high CBD content.  Marijuana plants have higher levels of THC.

Our Wises Landing CBD oil and Broad Spectrum Gummies are formulated with high purity CBD isolate in order to remove all traces of THC. These products would be recommended for individuals who are suspect to drug screening. Most work-place drug screens and tests target THC and do not detect the presence of  CBD.  However, CBD can be converted to THC in acidic conditions.  This conversion is extremely unlikely to occur under physiological conditions [1].

All other PHARM CBD products are formulated from PHARM High-Purity Full Spectrum Oil. There are trace amounts of THC in these products, less than 0.3%, compliant with the Federal Farm Bill.

PHARM CBD Distillate is cannabis oil that has been heavily refined and separated into a cannabinoid and terpene-rich fraction. At PHARM CBD, we re-infuse the terpene fraction back into all of our distillates. This means the plant goes through extensive processing to narrow in on a specific subset of compounds, e.g., cannabinoids and terpenes.

• The first step in making P•H•A•R•M CBD full spectrum oil is to extract cannabis oil, through our Supercritical CO2 extraction process. The Raw Unrefined cannabis oil is winterized and waxes are removed through our ultra-pure filtration processes. Our winterization is always done with 200 proof organic ethanol, never denatured alcohol. At P•H•A•R•M CBD we pay a premium on pure ethanol rather than avoid introducing unwanted and harmful chemicals into any of our processes.
• The refined cannabis oil is then run through a short path distillation system to separate out various fractions based on molecular weight. The cannabinoids and terpene fractions are combined into the final distillate used for final product formulation.

Broad Spectrum vs. Full Spectrum Distillate

Full Spectrum distillate refers to a distillate that contains all cannabinoids and terpenes from the plant including THC.

Broad-spectrum distillate refers to a full spectrum extract but the THC has been remediated through a process of chromatography or distillation.

We use Full Spectrum Distillate in our Crystal Vale Body Balm Formula.

Pros of Distillate: Distillate yields an ultra-high potency oil. It is predictable, relatively cheap to produce, and can be made from low-potency flower material. PHARM CBD distillate still provides for the Entourage Effect as both cannabinoids and terpenes are present.

Cons of Distillate: High-potency does not necessarily mean full-plant extract as vitamins, minerals and some flavonoids are removed through the distillation process.

PHARM CBD Distillate has a slightly limited profile of compounds interacting with your ECS compared to PHARM CBD full-spectrum oil.

A more narrow-spectrum means less modulation of effects between the various compounds. The Entourage Effect dictates that the various cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids, and other compounds in cannabis work together synergistically to support the overall wellness and medicinal applications.

The therapeutic synergy observed with plant extracts results in the requirement for a lower amount of active components, with consequent reduced adverse effects.